Uefi smm. January 2019 1-vii 1.
Uefi smm 11. It is intended for use only by system firmware (BIOS or UEFI), not by applications software or general-purpose systems software. org 3 • System Management Mode (SMM) issues to address –Degrades performance & quality of service (QoS) •SMM latency increases with core count •Firmware-based reliability of service (RAS) features –SMM model adds In order to support SMM in system firmware, [UEFI PI Specification] Volume 4 describes detailed infrastructure on how to support SMM in UEFI PI-based firmware. A callback function must be unregistered before it is deallocated. Definition at line 24 of file SmmVariable. 5: UEFI/PI Boot firmware MUST choose the library or MACRO correctly to make sure these libraries or MACROs do not call outside of SMRAM after SmmReadyToLock. It is in charge to initialize the hardware and set it up so an OS can start. The programs running in SMM are called SMM drivers and 5. #BHEU @BLACKHATEVENTS efiXloader: SMM callouts Finally, the EFI_SMM_SW_DISPATCH2_PROTOCOL is used for registering the function swsmi_handler_unk_func as the SWSMI handler. py <uefi_rom> [-o outdir] and wait for the analysis to complete (can take up to an hour, depending on how many SMM modules are found in the UEFI firmware image). Introduction There is a share-nothing model that is employed between the management-mode application and the boot service/runtime UEFI environment. January 2019 1-vii 1. UEFI Plugfest – March 2016 www. (It is also under firmware anti The UEFI and BIOS installs code that remains persistent through the system’s runtime in a mode called System Management Mode (SMM) to maintain control of the system even after system boot. SMM code uses SMM communication buffer to exchange information with non-‐SMM agent. EFI_RSC_HANDLER_PROTOCOL. EFI_GET_NEXT_VARIABLE_NAME _EFI_SMM_VARIABLE_PROTOCOL::SmmGetNextVariableName: Definition at line 26 of file 550 Naming conflicts w/ PI SMM. uefi Threat model - "Know your enemy" HardenedVault is mainly focus on figuring out the infection stage of bootkits, which is crucial to work on security features for defense in VaultBoot . 1 SMM Driver Initialization An SMM Driver's initialization phase begins when the driver is loaded into SMRAM, and its entry point is called. The file type EFI_FV_FILETYPE_APPLICATION denotes a file that contains a PE32 image that can be loaded using the UEFI Boot Service LoadImage(). This causes a significant hiccup in OS operation. Introduction¶. Memory UINTN EFI_SMM_SW_REGISTER_CONTEXT::SwSmiInputValue Definition at line 26 of file SmmSwDispatch2. In some cases this may be done to protect sensitive information in the non-secure execution environment. The experiment results show that RSFuzzer can cover 617% more basic • UEFI SMM Communication Protocol provides a way for UEFI drivers to invoke secure services in TrustZone. Ring-3 OEM SMM. Obtain a dump of the firmware image you wish to scan. The SMBASE is configured at boot by the UEFI firmware and can obviously change between firmware, this is a classic problem of exploitation on SMM and will probably be one of the first things you want to get once you have found a vulnerability. Description. SetSku support. 2 UEFI Boot Services ¶; UEFI Boot Services. 1 Version 1. A bit mask, one bit for each file type between 0xC0 (bit 0) and 0xDF (bit 31). #BHEU @BLACKHATEVENTS efiXloader: SMM callouts identification § BootServices. November 19, 2003 4. Prerequisite. There are restrictions on which runtime services can be called simultaneously, documented in section 8. • ASLR in DXE/SMM Contain Damage. I However, it seems that vulnerable UEFI SMM driver presents in all of the modern ThinkPads firmware and probably some other Lenovo computers. Introduction The services described in this chapter describe a series of protocols that abstract installation of handlers for a chipset-specific MM design. SMM is a special-purpose operating mode provided for handling system-wide functions like power management, system hardware control, or proprietary OEM designed code. September, 2024. Introduction The services described in this Mode chapter describe a series of protocols that locate the MMST, manipulate the Management RAM (MMRAM) apertures, and generate MMIs. org 7 SMM ** CanSecWest 2006. org 9 1. Invocation register. The SMM Gateway adopts the API Gateway design pattern, popular in microservices architecture. 1666 Graphics Device Info Hob. Here's my problem. - river-li/awesome-uefi-security efiXplorer: IDA Pro plugin, the best plugin for analyzing UEFI binaries for now. Driver Execution Environment (DXE) Phase The Driver Execution Environment (DXE) phase is where most of the system initialization is performed. The main benefit of SMM is that it offers a distinct and easily isolated processor environment that operates transparently to the operating system or executive and software appli Windows 10 achieves this by leveraging a hardware-based root of trust that ensures unauthorized code like Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) malware cannot take root before the Windows bootloader launches. org 1 Firmware support for SMM protection SMM communication buffer protection prevents certain memory attacks thus necessary for Device Guard. Report Status Code Routers 7. UEFI Forum Updates –Dong Wei, VP of the UEFI Forum Tips for UEFI Driver Compatibility –American Megatrends, Inc. #define EFI_EVENT_GROUP_DXE_DISPATCH_GUID \ The LoadImage() function loads an UEFI image into memory and returns a handle to the image. Principal Technology Liaison UEFI Plugfest –May 2015 www. With an easy to use panel. Potential Impact: PEI/DXE code execution in SMM context allows potential installation of persistent implants in the NVRAM SPI flash region. Items with multiple, SKU • UEFI = Unified Extensible Firmware Interface • As the name implies, it provides a software interface between an Operating System and the platform firmware • The “U” in UEFI is when many other industry representatives became involved to extend the original EFI. April 2016 . This way, the problem of finding SMM callouts is reduced to In UEFI/PI firmware, the SMM image is a normal PE/COFF image loaded by the SmmCore. SetSku() is normally called only once by the system. Last several months I spent with learning about SMM and coding SMM backdoor for UEFI based platforms as weekend day project, in this article I want to share the backdoor source code with you and explain how it works. 26 Status Codes Returned EFI_SUCCESS. - Cr4sh/SmmBackdoor First open source and publicly available System Management Mode #SMM. The Inside of SMM Initialization, the full collection of UEFI Boot Services, UEFI Runtime Services and SMST-based services are available. An SMM standalone mode driver can only run in the SMM environment. Check the value of the communication buffer pointer (a value at the address specified by the Buffer Ptr Address field). This protocol is used to manage and query the visibility of SMRAM on the By leveraging such a callback-based programming paradigm, we introduce SPENDER, the first static detection framework, which is founded on a novel protocol-centric analysis, for We implemented RSFuzzer and evaluated it on 16 UEFI firmware images provided by six vendors. UEFI Spring Plugfest –March 29-31, 2016 Presented by Jackie Chang, Tony Lin (Microsoft Corporation) UEFI Plugfest - March 2016 www. Register() within each SMM driver and collect pointer to SMI handler. As such, a minimum set of services needs to be available to the boot service agent. h . io and Eclypsium, to name a couple. The SMI handler 12. For example, on Intel-based platforms, the OS can enter System Management Mode (SMM) by triggering System Management Interrupt (SMI). EFI_FV_FILETYPE_APPLICATION¶. HOB Code Definitions¶ 5. The SKU value to set. 5 Vol 4 SMM Draft. g. Vulnerabilities exist both To facilitate easy, flexible and secure communication with SMI handlers, most UEFI implementations offer the EFI_SMM_COMMUNICATION_PROTOCOL. 691 SMM a priori file and SOR support. A pointer to a function of type EFI_SMM_RSC_HANDLER_CALLBACK that is to be unregistered. UEFI PI: PKCS7(RSA) / RSA. Resume from S3 •ACPI says that we return the system to the S5 S0 configuration at S3 S0 –Must protect the data structures we record the cold boot config in •Threats –Changing data structures could cause security settings to be incorrectly configured leaving S3 –Reopen the other assets’ mitigated The communication buffer must begin with the EFI_SMM_COMM UNICATE_HEADER defined in the “Related Definitions” section below. One usage of SMM is that the Firmware may provide some special service in SMM, which is referred to as an SMI handler. 571 duplicate definition of EFI_AP_PROCEDURE in DXE MP (volume2) and SMM (volume 4) 1. 2 Errata C • 550 Naming conflicts w/ PI SMM • 571 duplicate definition of EFI_AP_PROCEDURE in DXE MP (volume2) and SMM (volume 4) • 654 UEFI PI specific handle for SMBIOS is now available • 688 Status Code errata • 690 Clarify agent in IDE Controller chapter • 691 SMM a priori file and SOR support NVRAM PEI/DXE/SMM Threat Model Attacker Model: The local attacker uses privileged host OS access to trigger the vulnerability gaining PEI/DXE stage code execution in System Management Mode (SMM). PKCS7(RSA) Intel BIOS Guard. The project is divided as follows: PlatboxDrv: kernel drivers used for Linux and Windows. IA During SP initialization, the smm-gateway uses pre-configured information to discover a backend secure storage SP for NV storage and a crypto SP to verify signatures needed for UEFI variable authentication. UEFI Firmware –Securing SMM UEFI Spring Plugfest –May 18-22, 2015 Presented by Dick Wilkins, Ph. Hdr. The PEI Foundation is unaware of the boot path required by the system. These interfaces allow multiple platform dependent drivers for displaying status code The SMM module, a type of Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) module, operates in a memory area called the System Management RAM (SMRAM), which is accessible only during SMM. Register function and sets the SwSmiInputValue to 0xCA. Project Structure. EDKII has enabled different technology for security, such as memory level protection A Tour Beyound BIOS - Memory Protection in UEFI BIOS, or buffer overflow mitigation A Tour Beyound BIOS - Mitigate Buffer Overflow in UEFI. The information below is presented from a client perspective. Having separate protocols for SMM and DXE makes it easier to accommodate the differences smm rootkit uefi programming Preface This post is a “blog-friendly” version of an old “paper” I wrote as a requirement for a special course for my University studies. There is no scheduling. NOTE: The use of the SMM Communication ACPI table is deprecated in UEFI spec. UEFI FMP Capsule Update: UEFI. D. Non-UEFI Driver Model Example (Resident in Memory) 4. Supports Intel and AMD. uefi. SMM SPI Protocol Stack 12. 1628 Minor feedback for PI 1. **uefi编程模型**：包括uefi应用、驱动程序和服务，以及如何使用uefi运行时服务和系统管理接口（smm）。 2. These registers will return the status code EFI_NOT_FOUND when calling ReadSaveState() or WriteSaveState(). Hello I tried to patch this bios but no luck i replaced the LenovoService. 2. 9a . More information on UEFI is available For example, many DXE drivers have a dependency on the UEFI variable architectural protocol and/or the UEFI variable write architectural protocol. 为了向操作系统报告SMM已经实现了哪些最佳实践，现代UEFI固件通常会创建并填充一个ACPI表，称为Windows SMM Mitigations Table，或简称WSMT。除其他事项外，WSMT还维护一个名 You signed in with another tab or window. Now, a standalone SMM driver does not UEFI drivers can run in either protected mode or long mode, depending on their images. SMM is particularly dangerous • Insecure SMM code can run amok at Ring 0/1 –It is a good place to focus your security code reviews –SMM code must never call out of SMRAM –SMM code must copy input parameters and validate and use the copy, to prevent SMM大概分为两个阶段：SMM初始化阶段和SMM runtime阶段，先来看看初始化阶段，还是先上图，下面的这幅图是讲的SMM的初始化和runtime整个阶段，整个阶段由DXE Dispatcher加载SMM IPL开始，到我们每一个注册的SMM hander被不断的执行为止，当然 系統管理模式（SMM） Intel 處理器具有與一般作業不同的特殊執行模式。其名稱為「系統管理模式」（SMM），最初引入的目的是處理對時間準確度要求高的作業，例如電力管理。但是為了執行這類作業，Mac 電腦長久以來均使用稱為「系統管理控制器」（SMC）的離散微控制器。 Platform Initialization Specification, Vol. UEFI. 2 Errata C • 550 Naming conflicts w/ PI SMM • 571 duplicate definition of EFI_AP_PROCEDURE in DXE MP (volume2) and SMM (volume 4) • 654 UEFI PI specific handle for SMBIOS is now UEFI SMM基础 统一可扩展固件接口(Unified Extensible Firmware Interface, UEFI)是一种用于PC机的标准固件架构，用于市场上的大多数现代计算机和笔记本电脑。UEFI对上面描述的SMM体系结构机制提供了很多抽象。更多关于UEFI设计的信息请参考。 MODULE_TYPE = UEFI_DRIVER # 若為Library則宣告成BASE # 其他常見的有SEC,PEIM,DXE_DRIVER,DXE_SMM_DRIVER,UEFI_APPLICATION # LIBRARY_CLASS = XXXLLib # 若此模組是library才須宣告 VERSION_STRING = 1. Handoff Processor State to the DXE IPL PPI¶. SecurityServicesRunning: 0. #SMM. They have the same file format to EXEs, SMM is a special because certain operations to external hardware can only be recognized in Ваше устройство соответствует защите встроенного ПО версии 1: это обеспечивает базовые меры по устранению рисков безопасности, которые помогают smm противостоять эксплуатации вредоносными программами 5. Supports Linux and Windows. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. SMM standalone mode happens to resolve another security concern that some SMM drivers might call a UEFI protocol in SMM phase. Contribute to IOActive/Platbox development by creating an account on GitHub. Overview 2. The project is divided as follows: PlatboxDrv: kernel drivers used for 5. If a bit is ‘1’, then the GUID entry exists in Types. 0 嗨我是k66，前五篇我們實作Logo。今天來實作顯示即時系統時間，先上畫面。[自我挑戰7]為保證大家都能照著實作出，本篇有附上所有程式碼。讀者看到太長請不要害怕，重點僅有time. 1 If present, Credential Guard is running. It is an SMM protocol. SMI handlers that are installed in BIOS will be triggered to serve requests from OS. SMM code handles a variety of low-level, system-wide tasks such as power management, read and write of persistent BIOS Variables and configuration, and also It also provides required legacy System Management Mode (SMM) functionality, called CompatibilitySmm, as an addition to features provided by the UEFI SMM. UEFI Driver Model Example; 4. 2 smram缓存 在进入smm之前或者在退出smm之前，ia-32处理器不会自动的回写（write back）或着使它的缓存失效。因为这行为，必须小心谨慎系统内存中的smram和smram的缓存，以防止缓存不一致当在smm和受保护模式操作之间来回切换时。下面三个定位smram在系统内存中的位置中的任意两个将会保证缓存 The early DXE drivers need to be aware that not all of the UEFI Boot Services, UEFI Runtime Services, and DXE Services may be available when they execute because not all of the DXE Architectural Protocols may be been registered yet. SMM SPI support is 5. 0, Mode Based Execution Control If present, SMM Firmware Measurement is configured. It should help both Windows and Linux desktop users build a KVM test machine / environment that closely resembles mine. This firmware is stored on a SPI flash present in the computer. 6: All the above restrictions MUST be performed in the S3 resume path. h. End of DXE Event Prior to invoking any UEFI drivers, or applications that are not from the platform manufacturer, or connecting consoles, the platform should signals the event EFI_END_OF_DXE_EVENT_GUID End of DXE Event and immediately after that the platform installs DXE SMM Ready to Lock Protocol (defined in volume 4). This paper assumes that audience To successfully pull this off, we need to have some background information about a UEFI protocol called EFI_SMM_ACCESS2_PROTOCOL. The course was “CS-E4003 - Special Assignment in Computer Science” in Aalto University, Finland. •UEFI firmware is now widely deployed and has become a target for hackers and security analysts/researchers •Poor implementations affect the credibility of the UEFI Version 1. This paper presents the internal structure and boot flow of the SMM-based UEFI Authenticated Variable driver in the MDE Module Package and Security Package of the EDKII. 66. If the pointer’s value is non-zero, another inter-mode communication Re: Remove_SMM UEFI. The communication buffer must be physically contiguous. 5. I successfully compiled the project for x64, followed the instructions to add it to my Dell XPS 15 Intel® Platform Innovation Framework for EFI System Management Mode Core Interface Specification (SMM CIS) Version 0. brick: IDA Pro plugin, a static vulnerability scanner, support several types of vulnerabilities. 2 SMRAM缓存 在进入SMM之前或者在退出SMM之前，IA-32处理器不会自动的回写（write back）或着使它的缓存失效。因为这行为，必须小心谨慎系统内存中的SMRAM和SMRAM的缓存，以防止缓存不一致当在SMM和受保护模式操作之间来回切换时。下面三 The UEFI standard spells out specifications for SMI handlers, which are basically software written to achieve system calls to request the CPU to perform tasks in the high privilege mode called SMM. org 22 UEFI Communication Protocol SMC ARM TF UEFI App/Driver e FW –Implemented using SMM (on x86) or TrustZone (Arm) –Highest-privilege operating mode with greatest access to system memory and hardware resources UEFI Plugfest –October 2017 www. 2. If enabled, this DRAM is served for IGD. SMM and UEFI. 692 Clarify the SMM SW The first EFI-compatible x86 firmwares were used on Apple Macintosh systems in 2006 and PC motherboard vendors started putting UEFI-compatible firmwares on their boards in 2011. This purpose of this interface is to generate an SMI in response to any of these inputs having a true value provided. org 3 *Formerly known as SMM in the PI specification. EDKII Signed Recovery with FMP Cap: EFI SMM Variable Protocol is intended for use as a means to store data in the EFI SMM environment. The programs running in SMM are required to reside within the SMRAM, but capable of accessing the entire physical memory according to the UEFI specification [12]. In an Itanium-based system, it is also imperative that the firmware modules in the BFV be organized such that at least the PAL-A is contained in the fault-tolerant regions. 0" is the WSMT bit attesting SMM buffer validation is an allow list rather than deny — Jay (Jeremiah) Cox (@int0x6) September 5, 2017 13. Each SMM driver consists of usually three components: (1) a set of protocols, (2) a group of SMI handlers, and (3) an Arbitrary SMM code execution exploit for industry-wide 0day vulnerability in AMI Aptio based firmwares - Cr4sh/Aptiocalypsis In addition to this microarchitecture-specific authentication, the SEC phase of UEFI is still responsible for locating the PEI Foundation and verifying its authenticity. 10 In the current UEFI PI infrastructure, SMM drivers are loaded in the PI DXE phase. If enabled, this DRAM can be access if and only if CPU in SMM mode. 2 If present, memory integrity is running. Deprivilege: Ring-3 Third Party Option ROM. 10. Reference Problem Summary www. For each item (token), the database can hold a single value that applies to all SKUs, or multiple values, where each value is associated with a specific SKU Id. 3 If present, System Guard Secure Launch is running. These services are all scoped to be usable only from within MMRAM. This protocol was used by several (but not all) drivers registering SWSMI and it would be necessary to reverse it before Prepare communication data buffer that starts with the EFI_SMM_COMMUNICATE_HEADER. SentinelLabs findings During UEFI boot phase, the SMM Supervisor is loaded as a UEFI driver. 1. List UEFI variables. 1 of the UEFI spec. Intel FSP is a binary to encapsulate Intel silicon module initialization. Features. The following diagram illustrates how the smm_variable service provider is integrated into the smm-gateway. 13. Non-UEFI Driver Model Example (Nonresident inMemory) 4. Pre-EFI Initialization (PEI), the phase prior to DXE, is responsible for initializing permanent memory in Containing MM www. 4. AARCH32/AARCH64 REGISTER AVAILABILITY¶. Boot Paths¶ 10. The first problem of this code was the usage of an unknown protocol for getting the SWSMI number. Good as general purpose playground for various SMM experiments. 3. SMM模式下的執行的程序被稱作SMM處理程序，所有的SMM處理程序只能在稱作系統管理內存（System Management RAM,SMRAM）的空間內運行。可以通過設置SMBASE的暫存器來設置SMRAM的空間。SMM處理程序只能由系統固件（如BIOS或UEFI SMM 4. UEFITool: Tool for parsing and extracting UEFI firmware images. Task Priority. • Top memory for integrated graphic device (IGD): IGD stolen memory. TypeMask. The This paper introduces how we can do secure SMM communication in a UEFI BIOS. SMM NVRAM Open Case Access IO, MSR, MMIO, etc Ring 3 SW UEFI Variables Attack Supply Chain Attack SMM Confused Deputy Example: UEFI Variable Attack from privileged ring 3 process 4 Unprivileged Software Attack Possible Security Impacts The SMM module, a type of Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) module, operates in a memory area called the System Management RAM (SMRAM), which is accessible only during SMM. • Top memory for SMM: TSEG (Top Segment) SMRAM. 2C. The main workhorse of this 05 April 2022 SMM Callouts via Notify I was recently working on assessing a product’s UEFI firmware and I learned something new that didn’t seem well documented on the internet. Try this one and let me know if it does the trick. No services running. org 1 Updated 2011-06-01 Agenda •Introduction •SMM Attack Vectors •NX Protection in SMM System Management Mode MRU MM Runtime Update SMRU Seamless MM Runtime Update SMTS Seamless MM Telemetry Service UEFI Unified Extensible Firmware Interface UUID Universally Unique Identifier 1. An internal product security audit discovered a UEFI SMM (System Management Mode) callout vulnerability in some ThinkSystem servers that could allow a local attacker with elevated privileges to execute arbitrary code. Table 7. org 18 System Management Mode (SMM) • CPU enters System Management Mode (SMM) upon receiving System Management Interrupt (SMI#) from the chipset or other logical CPU • CPU (OS) state is saved in SMRAM upon entry to SMM and restored upon exit from SMM. Usually, further manual investigation is required to classify results as either true UEFI Secure Boot. 654 UEFI PI specific handle for SMBIOS is now available. 本文內容 Windows SMM 安全性防護表 (WSMT) 是由 Microsoft 定義的 ACPI 資料表，可讓系統韌體確認已在系統管理模式中實作特定安全性最佳做法， (SMM) 軟體。 WSMT 資料表定義描述于 Windows SMM 安全性防護功能資料表 (WMST) 規格中。 背景 已定義 SMM UEFI module and client for UMD privilege escalation - pRain1337/Hermes LsaIso. Prototype 10. SMM can be invoked asynchronously to the OS software flow and in many situations it requires all hardware threads to enter SMM before the event can be handled. SMM Drivers An SMM module consists of a number of SMM drivers. UEFI Protocols 5. 688 Status Code errata. Attackers may exploit these vulnerabilities to locally escalate to SMM privileges. Understanding Platform Requirements for UEFI HII –Brian Richardson, Intel Corporation UEFI Security Enhancements –Kevin Davis, Insyde Software How to Protect the Pre-OS Environment with UEFI –Tony Mangefeste, Microsoft For parameter descriptions, function descriptions and status code values, see ReportStatusCode() in the PI Specification,Volume 2, section 14. 3. 1317 additional I2C PPI’s (vol5) 1. UEFI ACPI Table adds one new field ‘Invocation register ’ for Secure Services UEFI SMM Services Invocation •UEFI SMM Communication Protocol provides a way for UEFI drivers to invoke secure services in TrustZone. This section contains the basic definitions of various HOBs. – Effort to enable: Medium 2. It is not allowed to touch any other resource, such as a UEFI protocol in the DXE phase, or a PPI in PEI phase. It is important that any registered callbacks that are not runtime complaint be unregistered when ExitBootServices() is called. 1. UEFI Plugfest –Spring 2018 www. RSA: Recovery. Overview This section provides the code definitions for the PPI and Protocols used in a Report Status Code Router. A UEFI-based cheat tool could do this in SMM (ring -2) with a similar level of difficulty to modifying a VM, and yet anti-cheat doesn't block newer CPUs than the 386 (the last Intel CPU without SMM) Secure boot doesn't mean the system can't be maliciously modified by the end user Why SMM is interesting for hackers? In UEFI specification SMM plays very important role for implementing of platform security mechanisms that protects firmware image stored inside flash chip on motherboard from unauthorised modifications by malicious software. the image is created: Intel Boot Guard (Verified Boot) RSA / SM2: Platform Firmware Resilience (PFR) RSA/ECDSA: Update. CVE-2024-43378: calamares-nixos-extensions provides Calamares branding and modules for NixOS, a distribution of GNU/Linux. Related Definitions. This firmware is one of the first things executed on the CPU at boot. UEFI Image Entry Point Examples. I am not sure what support Apple provides for security through IOMMU. Some of these protocols provide only boot services 7. Failure of authentication will fail DRTM. SetSku() sets the SKU Id to be used for subsequent calls to set or get PCD values. Usages such as the Intel® Firmware Support Package (Intel® FSP) may include requirements that the SMM initialization be done in the early PI PEI phase, namely since current FSP environments are in PEI. Status Codes Returned . The SMM Initial Program Loader (IPL) will load the SMM By Assaf Carlsbad & Itai Liba Executive Summary SentinelLabs has discovered 6 high severity flaws in HP’s UEFI firmware impacting HP laptops and desktops. From the operating system, the only check that is <note 1> UEFI有提供多線程(Multi-Processor)來執行函式的library，請參考EFI_MP_SERVICES_PROTOCOL，用途是呼叫特定AP的或呼叫全部的AP 來執行函式。 張貼者： Martin的工作紀錄 於 凌晨3:44 以電子郵件傳送這篇文章 BlogThis！分享至 X 分享至 2 則 You signed in with another tab or window. You switched accounts on another tab or window. You can provide quality and cheap SMM Services to your customers, they can buy all packages or services like post likes, followers, views, or even g First open source and publicly available System Management Mode backdoor for UEFI based platforms. ) and take appropriate action depending on the mode. Laszlo Ersek has created a new document that shows how to test SMM using UEFI’s OVMF. 8. 4 If present, SMM Firmware Measurement is running. As shown in Figure 9, it registers this SMI handler using the EFI_SMM_SW_DISPATCH2_PROTOCOL. This driver is signed by AMD and authenticated by the Platform Security Processor (PSP) at the time of DRTM launch. The material contained herein is not a license, either expressly or impliedly, to any intellectual property owned or controlled by any of the authors or developers of this material or to any contribution thereto. Services - Boot This allows the SMM dispatcher get chance to dispatch SMM driver which will depend on UEFI protocols. 4. Generic Address Structure (GAS) which provides the address of a register that must be written to with the address of a communication buffer to invoke a § Iterate through EFI_SMM_SW_DISPATCH2_PROTOCOL. When I run the Powershell commandlet, I see the following line: In fact, UEFI BIOS provides critical services while OS is running. efi dose not work could you help me with this? in attachment there the original and patched one thank you best regards By the way this is X1 Carbon 5. When MM is launched earlier in boot, such as PEI, the MM environment is already set up and ready making DXE dispatch more reliable. . The documentation for this struct was generated from the following file: UEFI SMM Services The Trusted Services project provides support for UEFI System Management Mode (SMM) services via the SMM Gateway secure partition. Dismiss alert UEFI SMM Services The Trusted Services project provides support for UEFI System Management Mode (SMM) services via the SMM Gateway secure partition. Such an environment is useful for testing and regression The trusted smm communication buffer needs to be allocated as EfiReservedMemoryType, EfiACPIMemoryNVS, or EfiRuntimeServicesData before EndOfDxe. I am currently looking at Because SMM is opaque to the operating system, it is not possible to produce a test which runs in Windows to verify that the protections prescribed in the WSMT specification are actually implemented in SMM. Depending on the platform policy, not all registers may be available in the MM Save State. SMM code calls outside of SMRAM, which is controlled by the attacker. HOB Introduction . 0, Mode Based Execution Control I highly recommend enabling this whether you're running Windows or Linux. A. The attacker can give a •UEFI PI-standard for creating a protected execution environment using hardware resources –Dedicated, protected memory space, entry point and hardware resources, such as timers and In this paper we will use a real open source example to show how STM works in BIOS and how to enable an STM in the system board BIOS. Attackers can arbitrarily modify the BIOS image and insert malware or bypass security mechanisms, such as Virtualization Based Security (VBS) [ 32 , 11 ] , by escalating Finding SMM Privilege-Escalation Vulnerabilities in UEFI Firmware with Protocol-Centric Static Analysis Jiawei Yin ∗††, Menghao Li∗ ††,WeiWu‡, Dandan Sun , Jianhua Zhou∗††, Wei Huo∗ ††, Jingling Xue†, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese System Management Mode (SMM) is a secure operation mode for x86 processors supported by Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware. exe is the credential guard protected version of Lsass. Table 2. Standard extension entry, with the type EFI_FV_EXT_TYPE_OEM_TYPE. The current status is that EDKII enabled ShadowStatck in SMM. 6 May 2017 vii 1. MM Protocols 4. SMRAM is a range UEFI and SMM Assessment Tool. In 2015 there are numerous systems using UEFI-compatible firmware including PCs, Macs, Tablets and Smartphones on x86, x86-64 and ARM architectures. This table describes a special software SMI that can be used to initiate inter-mode communication in the OS present environment by non-firmware agents with SMM code. c的2個函式IoWr Beginning SMM Module Analysis I’ve recently become interested in “going deeper” in UEFI analysis, and thankfully there have been some excellent resources for learning about SMM Module exploitation. Version 1. HOB Introduction¶. Given an SMM binary, we should analyze it while looking for SMI handlers that have some execution flow that leads to calling a UEFI boot or runtime service. SMM is excellent place to hide OS independent and invisible malware. HOB Code Definitions 5. See the section on SPI Protocol Stack in Volume 5 for more details. When the processor switches to SMM on receipt of an SMI, then processor executes code out of the SMRAM area. Great information! I’ve added the following article to the TianoCore wiki[1]. Many times, when a Software SMI Handler (SwSmiHandler) is registered in an 9 SMRAM is invisible to OS/VMM. Each HOB has additional data beyond the generic header, according to the HOB type. 690 Clarify agent in IDE Controller chapter. See below figure 1 for details. This article explains how to configure System Guard Secure Launch and System Management Mode (SMM) protection to improve the startup security of Windows 10 and Windows 11 devices. Dump EFI Memory Map (Linux only for now). Enable memory protections – Protect against buffer overflow, stack overflow, overwriting code sections, etc. #BHEU @BLACKHATEVENTS efiXloader: SMM callouts identification § RuntimeServices. Register the callback function for ReportStatusCode() notification. SkuId. 在 UEFI 中實作 SMM handler 在 UEFI 中實作 SMM handler 的方式為寫一個 SMM driver, 其流程為: 發 software SMI 進入 SMM 進入 SMM 時,SMM driver 會變成有兩個 instance(一個在 SMM, 一個在非 SMM, 兩段程式碼看起來會像同時被執行 UEFI and SMM Assessment Tool. 7. 1574 Fix artificial limitation in the PCD. ** UEFI Boot Services**：这些服务在系统启动期间提供，如设备初始化、事件处理、内存分配等，对于 System Management Mode is apparently one of the coolest dark corners of Intel IA-32 architecture. Design The design of the SPI protocol stack is almost identical between SMM and DXE. R0, R1, S3, etc. Files of type 1315 SMM Environment to Support Newer Architecture/Platform Designs. MM Child Dispatch Protocols 7. Provides services to increase or decrease the current task priority level This can be used to implement simple locks and to disable the timer interrupt for short periods of time These services depend on the CPU Architectural Protocol. ). SMM is the most privileged state of execution on Intel-based UEFI Forum, Inc. 4A. exe which stores and protects credentials. 7. Attackers can arbitrarily modify the BIOS image and insert malware or bypass security mechanisms, such as Virtualization Based Security (VBS) [ 11 , 32 ], by escalating The S3 SMM Save State Protocol shares the interface definition with the S3 Save State Protocol but it has a different GUID. UEFI Application Example; 4. UEFI is a specification which describes a standard set of interfaces for developing firmware and in particular BIOS. Run: python brick. 9. The differences are described in this section. Parameter. Platbox is a tool that helps assessing the security of the platform: Dumps the platform registers that are interesting security-wise Flash Locks; MMIO and Remapping Locks; SMM Base and Locks; MSRs; RW access to the PCI configuration space of devices. For example, the value 0x01010301 would indicate that there would be five total entries in Types for file types 0xC0 The EFI_SMM_GPI_DISPATCH2_PROTOCOL provides the ability to install child handlers for the given event types. 6. Audience: This paper assumes that audience has basic EDKII/UEFI firmware development experience, and basic knowledge of SMM. UEFI Summer Summit –July 2013 www. An example of such a legacy SMM functionality is providing USB legacy support for keyboard and mouse, by emulating their classic PS/2 counterparts. Register()¶ Summary. 12. This project has a blank SMM module that you can compile with instructions on adding it to your BIOS. Handoff Processor State to the DXE IPL PPI defines the state that processors must be in at handoff to the DXE IPL PPI, for the following processors:. Open the HTML report and browse the results. It relies on the PEIMs to determine the boot mode (e. 9 . The pattern decouples clients from backend service providers using an API gateway that presents a Dump S3 Bootscript (from SMM-Lockbox) into a file. 1626 Add new Status Code for BDS Attempting UEFI BootOrder entries. PDF A Tour Beyond BIOS The first use of this UEFI ACPI table format is the SMM Communication ACPI Table. Now EDKII can use CET to enforce the control-flow as well. UEFI Driver Model Example (Unloadable) 4. Normal toolkits (for example cheat engine) are unable to read the virtual memory Supporting Yuriy's comment, "SMM Security Mitigations 1. The above HOB types are defined in volume 3 of this specification. PlatboxLib: the usermode component that loads the kernel SMM Runtime Communication System Management Mode (SMM) is a special highly privileged processor execution mode. If a given section of the SMM image is page aligned, it may be protected according to the section attributes, such as read-only for the SMMBOOSTER is an online social media marketing tool (web application) that allows to buy SMM services from your service providers and start selling them in your own panel. Base Virtualization Support, Secure Boot, DMA Protection, UEFI Code Readonly, SMM Security Mitigations 1. If the pointer’s value is zero, update it with the address of the communication buffer. If a bit is ‘0’ then no GUID entry exists in Types. Limit Attack Window • Live Patching Runtime Component • Firmware Vulnerability Scan • Supply chain - firmware manifest (SBOM) • UEFI-2. To add your own model or firmware version support to this exploit — please refer to mentioned article. You should know that EFI images are Portable Executables. UEFI Driver Model Example (Multiple Instances) 5. SMM drivers: Follow best practices – Use 👓A collection of papers/tools/exploits for UEFI security. A processor executing in the 0-3 ring privilege levels will not be able to read from or write to SMRAM space. Crypto SP is accessible only if UEFI_AUTH_VAR is enabled. There have been many such attacks via SMM in the past; and in fact, some companies make a living providing security features intended to harden UEFI and SMM, including binarly. All HOBs consist of a generic header, EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER, that specifies the type and length of the HOB. The supported subsystem values in the PE image header are listed in “Related Value Description 0 No services running. If present, Windows Defender Credential Guard is running. Table of Contents¶. Here you go. SMM is designed to provide a secure execution environment to access highly privileged data or control low-level hardware (such as power management). The I recently decided to learn about BIOS/UEFI and found a Github project called HelloSmm (GitHub - tandasat/HelloSmm: This is an instruction to run your own SMM code. Several inputs can be enabled. PKCS7(RSA) Signed one time – when PI Signed FV/Section. Field Documentation SmmGetNextVariableName. 4 References Table 1-2. – See “UEFI Memory Protections” presentation. qfr efnp infu sgiyz qolzeq mustbi ktopxfy osop azzp sgw